FACTORS DETERMINING THE PROMOTION OF HEALTHY LIFESTYLE FOR PATIENTS IN THE CLINICAL PRACTICE OF NURSES

Abstract

Every year, approximately 40 million people worldwide die from chronic noncommunicable diseases. The morbidity and mortality rates of these diseases can be reduced by following the principles of a healthy lifestyle. Nurses have the necessary knowledge and skills to promote a healthy lifestyle among patients, but the factors determining the effectiveness of this activity in nurses' clinical practice have not yet been sufficiently analyzed in the scientific literature.
The aim of the study is to analyze the factors that determine the promotion of healthy lifestyles among patients in nurses‘ clinical practice based on the latest scientific literature.
The research method was a scoping review of the scientific literature. Scientific articles were searched for in the Web of Science database.
Results. Three main groups of factors determine the promotion of healthy lifestyles in nurses’ clinical practice: personal, organizational and patient-related factors. Nurses’ professional competence and personal adherence to healthy lifestyle principles promote more effective healthy lifestyle education. Organizational factors, such as a positive attitude on the part of institutional leaders and well-developed interprofessional collaboration, create favorable conditions for patient health promotion activities. Meanwhile, patients’ motivation, sense of responsibility for their own health, and level of knowledge determine their engagement in educational activities.
Conclusions. The promotion of healthy lifestyles among patients is influenced by nurses’ professional knowledge, sense of responsibility, and personal lifestyle habits. Organizational factors, such as short consultation times and a prevailing negative attitude toward health education within the institution, can have a negative impact on the implementation of these activities. The effectiveness of educational activities is also determined by patient engagement, their level of knowledge, and physiological and social factors.